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Albert Einstein - jego największe odkrycie
Poziom:
Temat: Nauka i technologia
In 1905, Albert Einstein published a series
of papers that many consider a starting point
for the modern age of physics. But other than
"E equals m c squared", most people only know
that Einstein was famous, not for what he
was famous. Since this week marks the 133rd
anniversary of his birth, as is customary
in western traditions we will celebrate by
taking a brief tour of his scientific publications.
Today, his paper from March, 1905 on why light
is a particle.
Einstein didn't just pull this idea out of
thin air – he first noted that the light
emitted from something hot (like a lightbulb
filament), actually has the same energy distribution
as a gas, which is somewhat surprising if
you're a nineteenth century physicist who
thinks that light is a continuous wave and
very much not a gas composed of individual
molecules. And while the idea that "light
behaves kind of like a gas" was already well
known before Einstein, no one had taken the
logical but crazy next step to conclude that
light must then be made of individual particles,
too! So Einstein proposed that these "light-quanta"
were in fact real particles that could account
for a few recent and unexplained experiments
having to do with knocking electrons off of
metals or gas molecules. He turned out to
be right on all counts and got a nobel prize
for his work… but that's a story for another
day.
